This study aims to suggest policy directions to promote food security by applying the concept of critical infrastructure in Korea. It designates the agricultural sector for food security through the functions, systems, and facilities of critical infrastructure and presents policy directions. The results of the analysis show that the functions of critical infrastructure can be implemented by establishing a food security manual. Due to the lack of relevant manuals in Korea, it is necessary to strengthen the response system on a regular basis through the designation of a department dedicated to food security and the task, rather than ad hoc measures. The s y stem o f critical infrastructure is a public stockpile. As in the c ase of J apan, Korea also n eeds to strengthen the public stockpiling system through public-private cooperation to maintain an appropriate stockpile. The critical infrastructure facility is a grain stockpile. It is also necessary for Korea to devise a comprehensive food complex by understanding the characteristics and economic feasibility of grains in the future.